Due to the lack of scientific knowledge for the use of substrate and best fertilizing method in the growth of Araucaria excelsa, it is crucially important to find the most appropriate planting substrate and fertilizing method. The effect of conventional fertilizing method and the application of Fe nanofertilizer were studied on the growth of A. excelsa in which six fertilizing methods and three...

norfolk island pine (araucaria excelsa) is belonging to araucariaceae family and is native to norfolk island in australia. this plant is a woody ornamental plant of high commercial value. since it is propagated by seed, achieving a regeneration system is one of the most important goals in this woody plant tissue culture. to evaluate the effect of cytokinins and culture media for bud induction d...

necessary conditions for callus production from leaf and stem explants of norfolk island pine (araucaria excelsa l.) have been studied. ms and bm culture media containing 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg/l naa, iba, 2,4-d and picloram supplemented with 30 g/l sucrose were used. callus was initiated in both culture media only in the presence of picloram and in the dark, but bm culture medium produced mor...

The family Araucariaceae encompasses several evergreen forest tree species, which has a high ornamental value due to being a good specimen and having symmetrical branches. Conventional propagation of Araucaria excelsa R. Br. var. glauca by cutting has limited success because of topophysis and difficult-to-root characteristics, and grafting is accompanying incompatibility. The aim of this resear...

Brazil nut, the Bertholletia excelsa seed, is one of the most important non-timber forest products in the Amazon Forest and the livelihoods of thousands of traditional Amazonian families depend on its commercialization. B. excelsa has been frequently cited as an indicator of anthropogenic forests and there is strong evidence that past human management has significantly contributed to its presen...

Studies of a variety of phenomena, ranging from rates of molecular substitution to rates of diversification, draw on estimates of geological age. Studies incorporating estimates of timing from fossils or other geological evidence are largely of relatively young, Tertiary divergences, to which older systems may provide useful comparisons. One apparently old assemblage comprises the beetle groups...

New Caledonia is a global biodiversity hotspot. Hypotheses for its biotic richness suggest either that the island is a 'museum' for an old Gondwana biota or alternatively it has developed following relatively recent long distance dispersal and in situ radiation. The conifer genus Araucaria (Araucariaceae) comprises 19 species globally with 13 endemic to this island. With a typically Gondwanan d...